ObGyn Intelligence: The Evidence of Women’s Health

ObGyn Intelligence: The Evidence of Women’s Health

Women's Health

The Vaginal Microbiome: Real Science, and the Marketing That Outran It

The biology is one of the biggest advances in women's health in a generation, but the tests and pills on sale have run ahead of what the evidence can support.

Amos Grünebaum, MD's avatar
Amos Grünebaum, MD
Aug 31, 2026
∙ Paid

A patient arrives with a report she paid $159 for.

It lists dozens of bacteria living in her vagina, sorts her into a “community state type,” labels her microbiome “imbalanced,” and offers a plan of supplements to fix it. The sequencing is real science.

Most of the plan is not. The distance between those two things is now a fast-growing industry, and both clinicians and women should know exactly where it sits.

What the vaginal microbiome is

The vaginal microbiome is the community of bacteria that lives in the vagina. In most healthy women of reproductive age, one genus dominates: Lactobacillus. These bacteria make lactic acid, hold the pH low, and crowd out organisms that cause trouble.

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